How Many LED Watts Are Required Per Square Foot of Grow Space?

The Ultimate Guide to Help You Choose the Correct LED Wattage for Your Grow Space (during flowering)

Are you new to the world of LED growing? If so, the charts below will help you determine how much energy (by wattage) your plants require for flowering.

Disclaimer: Wattage is a relic of the HID (MH and HPS) days. Wattage should not be used to determine the coverage area a fixture or the usefulness of an LED grow light. Wattage should only be used as a simple method for approximating the correct fixture size for your grow. 

PPFD (umol/j/m2) and DLI is the correct metric for measuring useful light intensity over a given area. Coupled with the correct spectrum for your plant type and phase of growth, PPFD (and spectrum) are the keys to a successful grow. However, for the purpose of estimation, we will report wattage calculations in this article.

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Grow variables

It is important to understand that the number of actual watts that you need for your grow will vary depending on:

• Plant type (high light or low light)
• High light plants - i.e. tomatoes, peppers, etc
• Low light plants - i.e. herbs and leafy greens (such as basil lettuce)
• Growth phase
• Seedlings, vegetative, and flowering plants all require a different amount of light
• Total area of your grow
• A larger grow area will require more power

Watts per square foot

The average LED grow light draws about 40 watts to cover 1 sq ft for flowering. HID lights draw about 62.5 watts per sq ft. The energy saving that growers can expect from using LED grow lights instead of HID is around 38%. This energy savings only takes into account to savings growers gain when using LEDs fixtures. It does not account for other environmental factors where growers can save energy. For example, less ventilation and air conditioning may be used, or foregone completely, depending on the size of the setup and ambient temperatures. Total power savings may rise above 50% in certain scenarios.)

Different LED grow lights will have different efficiencies. More efficient LED grow lights will use fewer watts to emit the same amount of light that a less efficient LED grow light will emit. Therefore, wattage is not the most accurate tool to know how powerful of a grow light you need for a particular coverage area.

LED Wattage Chart Explanation

The wattages listed below assume you are flowering your plants. If vegging, you might consider reducing your wattage by 50% since vegging plants only require about half the light intensity. As always, it is best practice to follow the manufacturer's recommendations.

Using the charts

In each chart you will find the following columns:

• '# of Plants' to be grown
• Square footage that the respective number of plants cover
• Recommended LED wattage for the number of plants grown in the respective space

Wattage charts

Assume about 32 watts/sq ft (actual LED wattage) for flowering. Fewer watts might equate to smaller yields while more wattage may lead to larger yields.

Quick Guide (watts per coverage area)

1' x 1': 40 watts 

2' x 2': 160 watts 

2' x 4': 320 watts

3' x 3': 360 watts 

4' x 4': 640 watts 

5' x 5': 1000 watts

4' x 8': 1280 watts

6' x 6': 1440 watts  

Recommended wattage assuming 1.0 sq ft/plant

Recommended wattage assuming 2.0 sq ft/plant

Recommended assuming 4.0 sq ft/plant

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Related: Best LED Grow Lights 2022

Notes: Please be aware that the cultivation of certain plants may or may not be legal within your own specific region or country. LED Grow Lights Depot does not encourage or condone any illegal activity and advises each individual / user to inform themselves of the relevant laws within their own region/country.